However, the impact of bystanders extends beyond those who join in. Even those who merely watch without intervening are perceived by victims as tacit supporters of the bully. This silent observation sends a message that the bullying behavior is acceptable or unchallenged, thereby intensifying the negative impact on the victim.
The presence of passive bystanders can make the victim feel even more isolated and powerless, exacerbating the emotional and psychological harm caused by the bullying.